“Whiplash” is the abrupt movement of the head forward, then backwards that causes a sprain or strain to the soft tissues of the neck. It can also be the abrupt movement of the head from side to side. Typically a whiplash will occur during an auto accident, sports injury or other type of trauma. The snapping of the head forwards and backwards, or side to side, does not have to be severe to create an injury to the soft tissue.
When a person suffers a whiplash due to an auto accident, the body's protective mechanisms kick in to help protect the delicate structures of the neck. The body's response to overstretching the muscles, ligaments and tendons of the neck, is to contract the muscles to prevent further injury.
Typically, if the muscles and tendons of the neck are injured, it is referred to as a strain. If the ligaments and deeper structures of the neck are injured, it is referred to as a sprain.
If your injuries are severe, it is best to seek immediate emergency care. Even if your injuries are mild, it is best to follow up with your doctor, so that you get the appropriate therapy for your injury. If your injuries go untreated, it can lead to complications later in life.
In one study, it was determined that patients who had a whiplash-type of injury, 39-60% of them developed osteoarthritis in ensuing years.
A Swedish study examining future health complaints among rear-ended car accident victims found that those with whiplash injuries were nearly four times as likely to have constant pain seven years later, compared with those who sustained other types of injuries in similar accidents, but no trauma to their necks.
Both of these findings may suggest that initial treatment may play a key role in avoiding long-term problems.
"More practitioners understand how to treat whiplash with pain intervention techniques than they used to, but unfortunately, many don't, which can lead to future problems," Dr. Centeno tells WebMD. "The take-home message is that you really need to find people who know how to treat this injury."
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